Resolves to the range containing the number of seats in the 121st Congress that Democrats win in the November 7, 2028 elections, per certified results, runoffs included. Independents count with the party they caucus with when that Congress convenes in January 2029. Special elections for the rest of a term in the outgoing Congress don't count.

A seat still undecided then (a recount or runoff) counts once it is decided, with the caucus its winner joins.